What is the Flu?
The flu, also called influenza, is a common viral infection. It affects your nose, throat, and sometimes your lungs. Many people get the flu each year, especially during the colder months. Because the flu spreads easily, it can cause outbreaks in schools, workplaces, and communities. Unlike the common cold, the flu can make you feel very sick. Early care and prevention can help you recover faster and avoid spreading the virus.
Common Symptoms of the Flu
Flu symptoms often appear suddenly. While some people may have mild symptoms, others can feel very unwell. Knowing the signs can help you seek care quickly. Common flu symptoms include:Fever or chillsCoughSore throatRunny or stuffy noseMuscle or body achesHeadacheFeeling very tired (fatigue)Some people may have vomiting or diarrhea, more often in children
However, not everyone with the flu will have a fever. If you notice these symptoms, it is important to rest and monitor your health.
Causes and How the Flu Spreads
The flu is caused by influenza viruses. These viruses change often, so new strains can appear each year. You can catch the flu when you breathe in droplets from a cough or sneeze of someone who is sick. Also, touching surfaces with the virus and then touching your mouth, nose, or eyes can spread the flu. Because the flu spreads easily, it is important to wash your hands often and avoid close contact with sick people.
Diagnosis of the Flu
Doctors usually diagnose the flu based on your symptoms and a physical exam. Sometimes, they may use a quick test with a swab from your nose or throat. These tests can give results in less than 30 minutes. However, not all people need a test. If you are at higher risk for flu complications, your doctor may suggest testing. Early diagnosis can help guide treatment and prevent the spread of the virus.
Treatment Options for the Flu
Most people with the flu get better at home with rest and fluids. However, some may need medicine or extra care. Treatment options include:Resting as much as possibleDrinking plenty of fluids to stay hydratedTaking over-the-counter medicines for fever and aches (such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen)Antiviral medicines, if prescribed by your doctor, can help shorten the illness if taken early
Because antibiotics do not work against viruses, they are not used for the flu. If you have trouble breathing, chest pain, or feel very weak, seek medical help right away.
Prevention Tips and Lifestyle Guidance
Preventing the flu is possible with a few simple steps. Each year, health experts recommend getting a flu vaccine. This shot helps protect you from the most common flu strains. In addition, you can lower your risk by following these tips:Wash your hands often with soap and waterAvoid touching your face, especially your eyes, nose, and mouthStay away from people who are sickCover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneezeClean and disinfect surfaces that are touched oftenStay home if you feel sick to avoid spreading the flu
In many cities, local health departments offer free or low-cost flu shots. Because the flu virus changes, it is important to get vaccinated every year.
When to See a Doctor
Most people recover from the flu without problems. However, you should see a doctor if you:Have trouble breathing or shortness of breathFeel chest pain or pressureHave a high fever that does not go downFeel very weak or dizzyNotice confusion or trouble waking upSee your child has fast breathing, bluish lips, or is not drinking fluids
People with long-term health problems, young children, pregnant women, and older adults should be extra careful. Early care can prevent serious complications.
For personalized advice on flu prevention and treatment, consult Lifecure Labs.